UK Independence Party
The British Eurosceptic party, founded in 1993, which forced the Brexit referendum.
Overview
UKIP formed in 1993 to campaign for withdrawal from the European Union, growing under Nigel Farage from a fringe into the largest British party in the 2014 European elections, taking a quarter of the vote. Its pressure, and the defection of Conservative MPs to call referendums, pushed David Cameron to promise the 2016 referendum, which the Leave campaign, fronted by Farage, won. Purpose achieved, the party collapsed amid infighting and the rise of the Brexit Party, its successor vehicle. UKIP proved the rare third party that achieved its central goal without winning a parliamentary seat beyond by-election defections.
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