Bloc Quebecois
The Quebec sovereigntist federal party, founded in 1991, which led Quebec seats for two decades.
Overview
The Bloc formed in 1991 from Progressive Conservative and Liberal Quebec MPs around Lucien Bouchard after the failed Meech Lake accord, contesting federal politics to defend Quebec interests toward sovereignty. It won Quebec in 1993 as Official Opposition under Bouchard, and again through Duceppe eras, the 1995 referendum near miss defining the movement. The 2011 orange crush collapsed it to four seats; it rebounded under Yves-Francois Blanchet to third party status in 2019 and 2021, before 2025 losses. The party contests only Quebec seventy eight seats, the federal arm of the sovereignty movement alongside the provincial Parti Quebecois.
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